Signs and Symptoms: Heart Attack
Cardiac arrest is when an individual stops breathing and has no heartbeat at all.
Every year, thousands of Canadians die from heart attacks because they don’t act quickly enough to get the help needed. The fact is, the average Canadian waits almost five hours after the onset of symptoms before seeking medical treatment. Yet, the best chance of survival occurs if you get medical treatment within two hours. By understanding the signs and symptoms of a heart attack we can all act quickly to get ourselves, and those around us, the medical assistance required.
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What is a Heart Attack?
A heart attack happens when the blood supply to the heart is slowed or stopped. Cardiac arrest is when an individual stops breathing and has no heartbeat at all. The amount of time the heart does not receive the proper blood flow determines the amount of long-term damage to the heart, brain, and body organs. Ninety percent (90%) of all heart attacks occur due to plaque build up in the arteries (atherosclerosis) which restricts and narrows blood flow to the heart.
| If you think you or someone around you is having a heart attack: |
- Call 911 - get to the hospital immediately
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- Stop all activity. Sit or lie down in a comfortable position until help arrives.
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- Take your normal dosage of nitroglycerin, if it is prescribed.
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- Chew or swallow an Aspirin™ (160 mg-325 mg) tablet(s). NOTE: Acetaminophen (e.g.,Tylenol™ ,etc.) or Ibuprofen (e.g., Advil™,etc.) do not have the same effect as Aspirin™ and will not help.
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Signs and Symptoms of a Heart Attack: Pain and discomfort occurring in the chest, upper body, and stomach; will last for several minutes. -Chest pain usually feels like a tight ache, pressure, or squeezing at the centre. - Pain or discomfort can also spread from the chest to the shoulders, arms, back, neck, teeth, jaw, or abdominal area (sometimes feels like heartburn). - Panting for breath or trying to take in deep breaths. In addition, feeling dizzy or feeling like passing out.
- Sick to the stomach or vomiting.
- Suddenly break into a cold sweat with clammy skin.
- Feeling of a sense of doom or a panic attack with no apparent reason.
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Key References:
Heart and Stroke Foundation. (2008). Stroke warning signs. Retrieved January 4, 2008 from http://www.heartand stroke.com/site/c.ikIQLcMWJtE/ b.3483937/k.8989/ Warning_Signs.htm.
Heart and Stroke Foundation. (2008). Heart attack warning signals. Retrieved January 4, 2008 from http://ww2. heartandstroke.ca/Page.asp?PageID=1975&Article ID = 5288&Src=heart&From=SubCategory.
MayoClinic.com. (2007). Heart attack symptoms: Know what signals a medical emergency. Retrieved January 4, 2008 from http://www.mayoclinic.com/ print/heart-attack-symptoms/HB00054/METHOD=print.
American Stroke Association. (2008). What is stroke? Retrieved January 4, 2008 from http://www.stroke association.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3030066.